Water Science & Technology Vol 66 No 1 pp 61–71 © IWA Publishing 2012 doi:10.2166/wst.2012.166

Determination and occurrence of organic micropollutants in reverse osmosis treatment for advanced water reuse

Veronica Gomez, Katariina Majamaa, Eva Pocurull and Francesc Borrull

The growing demand on water resources has increased the interest in wastewater reclamation for multiple end-use applications such as indirect and direct potable reuse. In these applications, the removal of organic micropollutants is of a greater concern than in conventional wastewater treatment. This article presents a collection of data of trace organic micropollutants in an urban wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) in North East Spain using reverse osmosis (RO) membrane treatment. The RO rejection values of the organic molecules studied with a wide range of solute size and hydrophobicity were determined. Several chromatographic methods monitoring different endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs), pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) were used. Results indicated that secondary effluents from this Spanish WWTP contained most of the studied organic compounds indicating incomplete removal of organics in the conventional treatment of the plant. However, the rejection of most micropollutants was high for all three RO membrane types (low energy, high rejection, fouling resistant) tested. It was observed that some selected micropollutants were less efficiently removed (e.g. the small and polar and the more hydrophobic) and the molecular weight and membrane material influenced removal efficiencies.

Keywords: GC-MS; LC-MS; micropollutants; rejection; reverse osmosis; wastewater

Full article (PDF Format)