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Water Supply Vol 2 No 3 pp 183–190 © IWA Publishing 2002
Removal methods of nematoda contained in the effluent of activated carbon
N. Matsumoto*, T. Aizawa**, S. Ohgaki***, T. Hirata****, K. Toyooka*****, T. Kanbayashi******, Y. Tsutsumi******* and T. Hasegawa********
*Engineering Department, Municipal Water Works Division, Ebara Corp. 1-6-27 Kohnan Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8480, Japan (E-mail: matsumoto0.5@shi.ebara.co.jp)
**Department of Water Supply Engineering, National Institute of Public Health, 4-6-1 Shirokanedai,
Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108-8638, Japan (E-mail: aizawat@iph.go.jp)
***Department of Urban Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan (E-mail: ohgaki@env.t.u-tokyo.ac.jp)
****Water Environment Laboratory, School of Environmental Health, Azabu University, 1-17-71 Fuchinobe, Sagamihara City, Kanagawa pref. 229-8501, Japan (E-mail: hiratat@azabu-u.ac.jp)
*****Ibaraki Public Enterprise for Industry and Infrastracture Support, 2972 Ooiwata, Tsuchiura city, Ibaraki pref. 300-0835, Japan (E-mail: kisuise@pref.ibaraki.jp)
******Fukuoka branch, Organo Corp. FS 21 bldg. 1-17-8 Shirogane, Chuo-ku, Fukuoka city, Fukuoka pref. 810-0012, Japan (E-mail: kanbay-t@organo.co.jp)
*******Water and Sewage Engineering Department, Kubota Corp. 3-1-3 Nihonbashi-Muromachi, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 103-8310, Japan (E-mail:y-tutumi@kubota.co.jp)
********PSI Project Team, Suido Kiko Kaisha, Ltd. 5-48-16 Sakuragaoka, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, 156-0054, Japan (E-mail: t-hasegawa@suiki.co.jp)
ABSTRACT
Effects of various alternative disinfectants, e.g. chlorine dioxide, ozone, ultraviolet radiation and chloramine, either alone or in combination with other physical treatments like sand filtration and membrane filtration, on the inactivation and removal of nematoda were studied. Ozone and chloramines were found to be effective for nematoda inactivation. Filtration alone was unable to remove nematoda completely. But the combination of UV radiation and sand filtration turned out to be very effective in the removal of nematoda from drinking water. 90% inactivation of nematoda needed a UV dose of (D10-value) 135 mJ/cm2, while 99% inactivation required 232.5 (135 + 97.5) mJ/cm2. This study was a part of a five-year national research project "Advanced Aqua Clean Technology for 21st Century" (ACT21).
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