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Water Science & Technology: Water Supply Vol 1 No 2 pp 183–189 © IWA Publishing 2001
Application of a membrane bioreactor immobilized with Bacillus subtilis
HHT-1 for removing manganese ions in water
K Takamizawa*, YC Chang**, J Hattori***, M Kani****, K Mori***** and M Hatsu******
*
Department of Bioprocessing, Faculty of Agriculture, Gifu University,
1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, Japan (E-mail: tak2003@cc.gifu-u.ac.jp)
**
Department of Bioprocessing, Faculty of Agriculture, Gifu University,
1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, Japan (E-mail: tak2003@cc.gifu-u.ac.jp)
***
Department of Bioprocessing, Faculty of Agriculture, Gifu University,
1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, Japan (E-mail: tak2003@cc.gifu-u.ac.jp)
****
Department of Bioprocessing, Faculty of Agriculture, Gifu University,
1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, Japan (E-mail: tak2003@cc.gifu-u.ac.jp)
*****
Department of Bioprocessing, Faculty of Agriculture, Gifu University,
1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, Japan (E-mail: tak2003@cc.gifu-u.ac.jp)
******
Department of Bioprocessing, Faculty of Agriculture, Gifu University,
1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, Japan (E-mail: tak2003@cc.gifu-u.ac.jp)
ABSTRACT
A newly isolated Bacillus subtilis HHT-1 has the ability to oxidize
manganese ions. We attempted to immobilize the cells on the microfiltration
membrane and remove manganese ions from the raw water as manganese oxides.
After subculturing, the broth was filtered with NTF-5200 (pore size
0.2  m), Nitto, Japan. The filter was set in Nitto Membrane Master
RUM-2, Nitto, Japan and used as the bioreactor. Manganese sulfate was
dissolved in distilled water to become 1 mg/l or 0.2 mg/l of the final
manganese ion concentration, and used as the raw water. The volume of the
bioreactor was 10 ml. The flow rate, pressure, retention time of the
bioreactor, and circulation frequency were, 0.08 l/min,
0.4 kgf/cm2, 7.5 sec, and 0.04 time/min, respectively.
Removal rate of manganese ions rose with increasing cell mass immobilized.
The bioreactor was active even at low concentration of initial manganese
(0.2 mg/l) and 0.04 mg/l or less of manganese ion concentration in
the treated water was obtained.
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