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Water Practice & Technology © IWA Publishing 2007 |
doi10.2166/wpt.2007.083
Sewage Sludge in China: Challenges Toward a Sustainable Future
P. J. He1, F. Lü1, H. Zhang1, L. M. Shao1, D. J. Lee2
1State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, P.R. China
(E-mail: solidwaste@mail.tongji.edu.cn)
2Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Chinese Taiwan
(E-mail: djlee@ntu.edu.tw)
ABSTRACT
Sewage sludge is of increasing concern in China, due to extended sewerage control and advanced wastewater treatments resulting from urbanization and economic growth. Based on the evolution of municipal sewage generation and treatment technologies in the last decade, as well as the long-term national and local plans in China, the paper elucidates production, distribution and characteristics (organics, nutrients, heat value, heavy metals, trace pollutants, pathogens) of sludge in some typical districts of China. The status and challenges of sludge management are discussed.
Keywords: China; management; sewage sludge; status and perspectives; sustainability
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