Journal of Water Supply: Research and Technology—AQUA Vol 57 No 5 pp 307–316 © IWA Publishing 2008 doi:10.2166/aqua.2008.053
The use of polyacrylamides (PAMs) for removing natural organic matter (NOM) from Paraíba do Sul River (Brazil)
B. C. Conticelli, C. V. S. Conticelli, E. F. Tôrres and E. B. Azevedo
Chemistry and Environment Department, Faculdade de Tecnologia, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rodovia Presidente, Dutra, Distrito Industrial Resende/RJ, 27537-000, Brazil
Molecular Chemistry and Physics Department, Instituto de Química de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Trabalhador São-Carlense, 400, P.O. Box: 780, Vila Pureza São Carlos/SP, 13560-970, Brazil Tel.: 55 16 3373-9962 Fax: 55 16 3373-9975 E-mail: bessa@iqsc.usp.br
ABSTRACT
This work assesses the efficiency of polyacrylamides for natural organic matter (NOM) removal from Paraíba do Sul River (Brazil) raw water for drinking purposes. Jar tests were performed following an experimental design protocol. Three kinds of polyacrylamides (anionic, cationic, and non-ionic) at 0.2 mg L-1 were tested. After coagulation, turbidity, DOC, UVA254 and SCAN (UV-absorbing material) were determined. Color and pH were also measured. It was found that polyacrylamides did not reduce the amounts of alum and lime needed in the process and that the amount of alum alone for removing UV-absorbing organic matter is significantly higher. Efficiency of the coagulation process decreased as follows: non-ionic  cationic anionic no polyacrylamide. Removal efficiencies for the best case were: 100%, 90%, 83%, and 68% for turbidity, DOC, UVA254, and SCAN, respectively.
Keywords: coagulation; DBP precursors; NOM; polyacrylamides; polyelectrolytes
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